Levis specializes in using computer models to simulate past, present, and future climate. He focuses on improving computer simulations of land surfaces to better understand the often subtle ways that forests, croplands, soils, and other types of land surfaces absorb or reflect incoming heat from the Sun, and how they also influence the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Levis is also interested in agriculture, studying how climate change affects crops and, in turn, how crops may affect climate.